The JCPOA once stood as a major diplomatic effort to limit Iran’s nuclear ambitions. However, its gradual erosion, the U.S. withdrawal, rising enrichment levels, and regional confrontations have pushed the Middle East into a new phase of uncertainty, deterrence politics, and strategic instability.Read More

Pakistan’s foreign policy witnessed notable developments in 2025, including stronger diplomatic engagement with major powers, renewed momentum in CPEC, enhanced ties with Saudi Arabia, and increased global relevance. This article explores the achievements, challenges, and unfinished business shaping Pakistan’s foreign policy landscape.Read More

The debate over creating new provinces in Pakistan raises important questions about federalism, governance, representation, and national unity. Supporters argue that smaller provinces can improve administration and empower neglected regions, while opponents fear ethnic division, economic burden, and a weaker centre.Read More

Populism in Europe is One Electoral Cycle Behind the United States: Impacts of Populism on EU Written By: Saad Nawaz   “The crisis consists precisely in the fact that the old is dying and the new cannot be born; in this interregnum a great variety of morbid symptoms appear.” Antonio Gramsci   Populism is reshaping...Read More

In an era defined by great-power rivalry, Pakistan finds itself navigating a delicate balance between its all-weather ally China and its historically complex but strategically important relationship with the United States of America. The May 2025 conflict with India underscored Islamabad’s reliance on Beijing for defence while simultaneously opening space for renewed engagement with Washington...Read More