Pakistan’s economic crisis has been shaped by persistent balance-of-payments problems, inflation, currency depreciation, weak foreign-exchange reserves, rising debt, political instability, energy pressures and repeated reliance on external financing. The article examines the severity and causes of the crisis, Pakistan’s relationship with the IMF, external support and the need for structural reforms. Pasted textRead More

Pakistan’s counter-terrorism gains came under renewed pressure following the Afghan Taliban’s return to power, the breakdown of ceasefires with the TTP, weaknesses in border management, militant regrouping, institutional shortcomings and domestic political instability. The article examines the factors behind the resurgence and proposes a more comprehensive counter-terrorism response. Pasted markdownRead More

Mob justice is not justice but collective violence disguised as moral action. This article examines mob psychology, Pakistan’s history of religiously motivated violence, institutional failures and the reforms needed to strengthen the rule of law.Read More

Pakistan’s political system reflects a widening gap between the state and its citizens. Social contract theory helps explain how weak institutions, disputed elections and declining public trust have contributed to political disillusionment.Read More

The Cholistan Canal project has triggered a major political and constitutional debate in Pakistan. While Punjab and the federal government call it a step toward agricultural development, Sindh fears further water shortages, ecological damage, and weakening of interprovincial harmony.Read More