Pakistan faces growing climate threats including smog, erratic rainfall, glacial melting, heatwaves, floods, wildfires, agricultural losses and water stress. This article examines the major climate risks facing Pakistan and reviews national responses such as renewable energy projects, plantation drives, electric vehicle policy and the Ecosystem Restoration FundRead More

Sri Lanka’s economic collapse rapidly transformed into a political crisis marked by inflation, fuel shortages, depleted foreign-exchange reserves, debt distress and mass protests in Colombo. This article examines the major causes of the Sri Lankan crisis, the fall of the Rajapaksa political establishment, similarities with Pakistan’s economic vulnerabilities and key lessons for Islamabad.Read More

The Taiwan Strait has emerged as one of the most sensitive flashpoints in US-China relations. This article examines Taiwan’s disputed political status, Beijing’s One-China principle, the 1992 Consensus, Taiwan’s international position, Washington’s strategic ambiguity, growing US-Taiwan ties and the risk of military confrontation across the Strait.Read More

Montesquieu’s doctrine of separation of powers divides state authority among the legislature, executive and judiciary to prevent concentration of power. This article examines the doctrine in the United States and Pakistan, judicial review, institutional overlap, the influence of bureaucracy, media and advisory bodies, and the need for clearer constitutional boundaries among state organs.Read More

Constitutional Crisis Pakistan, Constitution of Pakistan 1973, Article 5, Article 58, Article 95, Article 63A, Article 69, No Confidence Motion Pakistan, Supreme Court Pakistan, Doctrine of Necessity, Imran Khan No Confidence Motion, Qasim Suri Ruling, Political Instability Pakistan, Constitutional History Pakistan, Judiciary Pakistan, CSS Pakistan AffairsRead More

Civil-military relations are a key indicator of democratic quality and institutional balance. This article applies the ideas of Samuel Huntington and Morris Janowitz to Pakistan, examines the country’s colonial legacy and causes of military intervention, and discusses lessons from Turkey for strengthening civilian supremacy and democratic governance.Read More

The Russia-Ukraine war has become a major geopolitical rupture, reshaping NATO-Russia relations, accelerating great-power competition, disrupting energy and food markets, and intensifying inflation worldwide. This article examines the historical context of the conflict, its strategic and economic consequences, and its implications for Pakistan’s foreign, energy and economic security.Read More

Afghanistan’s political future has direct implications for the security, connectivity and economic stability of South Asia. This article examines the Taliban’s return to power, Afghanistan’s humanitarian and security crises, regional connectivity, terrorism, narcotics, bilateral relations and Pakistan’s role in promoting stability.Read More

The US-led War on Terror began after the September 11 attacks with the objectives of defeating transnational terrorist organisations, denying them safe havens and protecting the United States. This article examines why the campaign in Afghanistan ultimately failed, focusing on strategic confusion, overreliance on military force, weak state-building, declining public support, flawed regional policies and...Read More

Hybrid warfare combines military and non-military tools such as cyber attacks, propaganda, proxies, economic pressure, terrorism, information operations and diplomatic coercion. This article examines its relevance to Pakistan, the vulnerabilities it exploits, its political, economic and social implications, and Pakistan’s response to this evolving security challenge.Read More