Pakistan’s recurring energy crisis stems not simply from insufficient generation capacity but from circular debt, imported-fuel dependence, transmission losses, electricity theft, weak governance and policy inconsistency. This article examines the historical roots of the crisis, its economic consequences and short- and long-term reforms required to restore energy security.Read More

Pakistan’s long engagement with the IMF has provided repeated short-term relief during economic crises. However, fiscal weakness, inflation, energy sector inefficiencies, tax gaps, and incomplete structural reforms continue to raise questions about whether IMF programs can truly deliver long-term stability.Read More