India and Pakistan have developed distinct nuclear doctrines shaped by historical rivalries, conventional military asymmetry and regional security concerns. This comparative analysis examines India's No First Use policy, Pakistan's Full Spectrum Deterrence, nuclear escalation, arms competition, the Russia-Ukraine war and the challenges facing strategic stability in South Asia. PastRead More

The International Conference on Climate Resilient Pakistan, held in Geneva on 9 January 2023, focused on rebuilding after the devastating 2022 floods, launching Pakistan’s Resilient Recovery, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Framework (4RF), and mobilising international financial support for climate-resilient recovery. Official assessments placed flood damages above $14.9 billion, economic losses around $15.2 billion, and resilient reconstruction...Read More

Pakistan’s economic crisis has been shaped by persistent balance-of-payments problems, inflation, currency depreciation, weak foreign-exchange reserves, rising debt, political instability, energy pressures and repeated reliance on external financing. The article examines the severity and causes of the crisis, Pakistan’s relationship with the IMF, external support and the need for structural reforms. Pasted textRead More

Pakistan’s counter-terrorism gains came under renewed pressure following the Afghan Taliban’s return to power, the breakdown of ceasefires with the TTP, weaknesses in border management, militant regrouping, institutional shortcomings and domestic political instability. The article examines the factors behind the resurgence and proposes a more comprehensive counter-terrorism response. Pasted markdownRead More

The article argues that Pakistan’s conciliatory approach toward the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan, including negotiations, ceasefires and concessions, weakened the country’s counter-terrorism strategy and allowed the militant group greater space to regroup. It advocates a broader response combining intelligence-based operations, stronger diplomacy and socioeconomic measures.Read More

Pakistan’s juvenile justice system is designed to treat children in conflict with the law differently from adult offenders, with rehabilitation and reintegration at its core. Yet shortages of specialised courts, trained personnel, legal assistance, funding and rehabilitation facilities continue to undermine its effectiveness. Pasted textRead More

The revocation of Articles 370 and 35A in August 2019 fundamentally altered Jammu and Kashmir’s constitutional relationship with India and was followed by its reorganisation into the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. The original article examines the legal, political and demographic consequences of these changes from a Pakistan/Kashmir-focused perspective. Pasted markdownRead More

The Indo-US strategic partnership has expanded significantly through defence agreements, military exercises and the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue. This article examines the evolution of the partnership, QUAD’s role in the Indo-Pacific, its connection with wider US-China competition, and the strategic implications for Pakistan.Read More

China’s expanding economic, diplomatic and strategic engagement with the Middle East is gradually altering the region’s geopolitical landscape. From massive trade and infrastructure investments to strategic partnerships and mediation between Saudi Arabia and Iran, Beijing has emerged as an increasingly important regional actor.Read More

China’s growing trade, investment, infrastructure projects and diplomatic engagement are reshaping the Middle East. Explore Beijing’s relations with Saudi Arabia, Iran, the UAE, Iraq, Syria and Egypt, and what its rise means for American influence and the emerging multipolar world order.Read More