Explore the journey from COP 27 in Sharm-el-Sheikh to COP 28 in Dubai, Pakistan’s role in G-77 & China, and key debates on climate finance, loss and damage, adaptation, mitigation, and the Global Stocktake.Read More

Terrorism has evolved from conventional violence into a multidimensional threat involving cyber warfare, information manipulation, criminal networks and political instability. This article examines its changing manifestations and the revival and expansion of the TTP as a complex security challenge for Pakistan.Read More

An analysis of Pakistan’s irregular migration challenge, human trafficking networks and Mediterranean migrant tragedies, exploring their socio-economic causes and the need for safer migration pathways and international cooperation.Read More

An analysis of the Kashmir dispute through India’s 2023 G20 presidency, examining the Srinagar meeting, right to self-determination, international law, demographic concerns and Pakistan’s diplomatic challenges.Read More

An analysis of the 2023 SCO Foreign Ministers’ Summit, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari’s visit to India, the Kashmir dispute, India–Pakistan tensions, terrorism allegations and the impact of nationalist politics on regional diplomacy.Read More

Explore women's rights and inherent gender biases in the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including Article 27, sexual violence, honour and modesty, motherhood, wartime protection and the need for a gender-sensitive interpretation of international humanitarian law.Read More

Explore China’s strategic role in the Russo-Ukrainian conflict, its partnership with Russia, rivalry with the United States, peace diplomacy and wider realpolitik calculations shaping the emerging global order.Read More

Turkey’s 2023 elections offer important lessons for Pakistan on electoral integrity, democratic continuity and institutional trust. Explore how credible elections, political leadership and respect for constitutional rules can strengthen democracy.Read More

The Wagner Group mutiny exposed vulnerabilities within Russia’s political and security establishment. Explore Prigozhin’s rebellion, cracks within the Kremlin, the possibility of further challenges and what a post-Putin Russia could look like.Read More

The Sudan crisis has evolved into a devastating struggle between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces. Explore its political roots, humanitarian consequences, foreign involvement and implications for regional stability.Read More